Atopic Dermatitis is a common skin disorder in infants and children. It is sometimes known as eczema. It is usually found on the face, hands, elbows, knees, or body and it makes the child scratch. The exact cause is not known and some children get better over time, however, it can last into adulthood. There is no cure for atopic dermatitis but symptoms can be improved with daily skin care.
In children who have atopic dermatitis, the skin is very dry and chapped. There may be small red pimples and blisters. If the child scratches, they can develop an infection in addition to the rash. Heat and sweat can sometimes make the symptoms worse.
Contact allergies, friction and dry skin can make this condition worse. Cotton loose fitting clothes that have been washed prior to wearing are comfortable for infants and children affected with this skin problem.
Treatment :
Cleaning the Skin: Use gentle soaps or non-soap cleansers that are fragrance-free (no smell). Only use soap on the visibly dirty areas, otherwise just wash the child with water. It is ok to allow the child to shower or take a 5-10 minute bath every day with warm water. Infants may be bathed every 2-3 days. Keep your child's fingernails clean and short and smooth.
Topical Medications: After bathing, pat the child dry. Apply the topical medications that have been prescribed for your child on any area that feels rough and dry or causes the child to itch. This includes over-the-counter
1% hydrocortisone ointment. These medications should be used until these areas are itch free and flat but only for one week at a time. Apply ointment for one week on/one week off.
Moisturize: After the medication has been applied, it is your week off of treatment or if the child has no areas that need to be treated, lubricate all the skin. It is ok to lubricate over the medicine that you have applied. It is best to do this immediately after the bath. Choose a product that has no fragrance (does not smell) and is a heavy cream (not a lotion). Petrolatum (Vaseline) or Aqaphor are good choices. In addition crθmes such as Cetaphil, Eucerin, or Aveeno may be used. Most children require moisturizers on their skin at least twice a day. It is not necessary to bathe first to use these crθmes.
Sun and Pool Care: Children with atopic dermatitis are allowed to swim. If your child is 6 months or older, it is best to apply sunscreen with an SPF of 30 or higher . When the child is done swimming for the day-rinse the child with clear water and apply the daily skin care as prescribed.
